EXHIBIT ID: SP_C_1291

Pre-operative Condition

Pre-operative Condition

This exhibit shows the axial view of the L5-S1 disc space in a pre-operative condition with a disc herniation, displacement of the cauda equina nerve roots, and adhesions that connect the thecal sac and disc material. Anatomy highlighted in this view includes the nucleus pulposus, annulus fibrosis, superior facet of S1, ligamentum flavum, and the L5 lamina.